BioScience Careers

“How do we know what you can offer us if you don’t tell us, or if you’re too modest”, so say employers. A peacock spreads its fabulous fan tail to draw attention to itself, the rest of the time he looks quite ordinary.

This is true for you as well – you need to stand out from the crowd when trying to attract potential employers, and for the rest of the time you can go back to being your usual unassuming self.

Promoting yourself is essential if you want people to know what your strengths are and how you can contribute to their organisation. Companies, recruiters, managers, research group leaders and other employers want to be clear about your particular skills and achievements, so that they can make a judgment about whether you will be a good fit for their team.

This is especially true at interview, where there is absolutely no room for modesty. It’s not being boastful or ostentatious, it’s about being truthful and transparent about your talents. It’s not lying or over-playing your worth, it’s simply telling it as it is.

Here are some tips about how to promote yourself at interview (and in other situations where you need to ‘boast’ about your abilities):

1. Know the employer:
   Research and examine the employer, whoever they are. Companies and research groups all have a presence on the internet, whether it’s a website or social media. They post up their latest news and achievements, publications and products. You can investigate their employees, researchers, culture and values. You can read their mission statement, find out who are their collaborators and/or competitors. And so on…. The more you know about who will be sitting on their other side of the table interviewing you, the more you will be able to show your suitability for the role and the organisation.
   
   
2. Know the role:
   A job description is like an exam question – you have to answer to the employer’s requirements. Refer back to their list and match up your own skills and achievements with theirs to identify which of your experiences are likely to be most relevant to the role. They usually list them in order of importance, so be prepared for the interview to focus these particular aspects, as well as including more minor tasks.
   
   
3. Know yourself:
   Your application has been successful and perhaps your online presence has also attracted the employer to invite you to interview. Make sure you revise your CV, covering letter, profile, etc. to ensure you can remember what you said that impressed them. This will form the basis of the examples you will give to prove your suitability for the role during the interview. You’ll need to provide a variety of examples from different parts of your career; try to use those that are the most recent or related to your professional experiences, ahead of those from your personal life.
   
   
4. Know your interview technique
   Employers usually have an idea in their head about who they consider to be the strongest candidate for the role before the interviews begin. You may not be top of that list, but don’t be disheartened – with preparation and using tried and tested interview techniques to answer the questions, you can propel yourself to the top of that list by giving an impressive interview performance. Key tips include:
   
   – Predicting the questions.
   – Practicing your answers, especially to tricky questions such as, “What’s your greatest strength?”, – “Give an example of when you had a resolve a conflict at work”, and even “Why do you want this job?”!
   – Using the STAR and other techniques to answer questions succinctly.
   – Relating your answers to the employer needs and making them relevant.
   – Having questions to ask the employer at the end of the interview.

You can find out more about interview technique and other aspects of the career planning process by visiting my blog archive.

Does your career start after your education? Does it start during your education? Or does it start at the beginning of your education?

I would argue “None of the above”. Your career, defined as ‘a course of progress through life’, starts when you’re born – or even before you’re born if you believe in epigenetics (as I do).

According to the Systems Theory Framework of Patton and McMahon (1996), pictured above (slightly adapted by me), there are a wide range of career influencers that come from within, from without or from somewhere in between.

These career influencers might be from within you, such as your personality, personal characteristics, preferred skills and interests, or they may come from those around you, such as your teachers, supervisor, parents, colleagues or friends, or they may be forced upon you by outside forces beyond your control, such as political or economic changes that occur within your country.

Let’s look at these influences in more detail:

YOU: Your qualifications, skills, interests, values, gender, health or personality are just some of the internal factors that shape the kinds of careers that interest you. For example, maybe you were interested in animals when you were young, which inspired you to take Biology at school and then in University and even to do a Biology-based PhD.

The type of skills you like using and other factors such as your values, can affect the kind of role that interests you or the sort of company you want to work for, as described in a previous blog. Your personality might determine the way in which you like to work, such as being in a team, working behind the scenes or being customer-focussed, etc.

PEOPLE: You are surrounded by people near and far. Some are close physically and emotionally, such as family, friends or colleagues, and have had an influence over you for a very long time. At the other end of the spectrum, other people are remote and unknown to you, such as social media connections. Everyone, including you, has an opinion about all sorts of subjects and you may actively seek their advice about your next career move. In addition, you may aspire to a role model, perhaps, you’ve visited a careers event and been inspired by a professional already doing the job, or maybe you’ve had a long-held child-hood dream job in mind, from seeing or hearing about it on TV or other media.

The people who influence your career choice change as you go through life. If you’re a doctoral or postdoctoral researcher, maybe your supervisor has a weighted influence on your career choices, or perhaps you are trying to aspire to a similar career as a former colleague, who’s now working in industry. [My advice would be to try to seek out a professional career coach or adviser to receive a truly unbiased interaction, helping you to be the central influencer of your career].

EVENTS: You are not in control of local, regional or world events and sometimes you need to flex and adapt to them. For example, the values of your organisation may change, perhaps the research project you wanted doesn’t get funded, and, even more radically, war may break out or freedoms might become more limited by governments. In this case, you will need to rely on your own experiences, resilience, your connections and your own character.

If you’re PhD qualified, you should have acquired a good set of skills, such as practical and functional techniques, the ability to adapt and learn, resourcefulness and problem-solving, communication and collaboration, etc. When your environment changes, you will need to draw upon these strengths to flex to whatever is required, whether it’s working remotely, applying your skills to a different research field or career sector or moving to another country.

CHANCE: Unexpected happenings and opportunities, chance, luck etc., can change your career direction instantly. Sometimes you need to flex to accommodate unexpected happenings, such as meeting someone at a conference or online, finding out about some information or being offered a post ‘out of the blue’. In these cases, the ability to make a quick decision, guided by your instincts or gut feelings, may be the difference between success and a missed opportunity. Many people talk about turning points in their careers – such as those featured in Nature Cell Biology – most of which have involved an unexpected moment – you may even have experienced one or more already during your own career.

Career influencers are constantly changing, ebbing and flowing, expanding and contracting. They are not static and change throughout the course of your life. Your preferred university degree subject may stem from a favourite teacher, leading you down a career path that could have been completely different had the art teacher been more affable. You may change the direction of your career, when you realise that you’re missing using your more creative side, and combine this to become a science communicator. Later in life, you may prefer to live in a place that means you need to change careers, perhaps you’ll need to learn a new language, take further qualifications or train others.

Who knows! It’s all part of the grand scheme of life…. the important thing is to be aware of what’s influencing your career and to weigh up yourself (or with the help of a professional careers adviser) what is the best decision to make at that particular time.

Related blog: SWOTTing up on your career

This month’s blog is inspired by grasshoppers! Let me explain …..

These little creatures hop about everywhere and can end up in peculiar places, such as in my bathroom and on the windscreen of my car. I tried to rescue both: The first one was easy; I collected up quite a large specimen in a jar and deposited it the field at the back of my garden.

The second case didn’t end so well. Having parked in an underground carpark, with the intrepid little cricket still clinging onto my car, I attempted to put it into a small bag and drive it back to my garden. Unhappily though, when I opened the bag up, the grasshopper had escaped and was probably still sitting lost in the concrete environs of the city carpark. There was nothing more I could do, but it did play on my mind ….

Sometimes, it’s good to ‘give in’ and allow yourself to receive a helping hand – to be rescued. Independence and self-reliance have their place and demonstrate personal strengths, such as courage, resilience and self-assuredness. However, trying to do everything yourself and, perhaps, considering asking for a helping hand to be a sign of weakness, can result in not very good results, as it were. Furthermore, fear of being mocked or rejected can also act as a barrier to seeking assistance when you’re in a difficult situation.

It puts me in mind of the age-old saying: “If at first you don’t succeed, try try and try again”. This is typically an attitude that rings true for many researchers, who certainly do find themselves in the situation of re-trying experiments, re-writing papers and re-submitting funding bids hoping, eventually, to get a positive result.

So, how can you shake off this attitude and, instead, engage with another age- old saying: “A friend in need is a friend indeed”. And it doesn’t even need to be a ‘friend’, as such. It could be a colleague, collaborator, mentor or a professional career coach. People are at the heart of our careers and they can help you …. and you can help them too when they need it !

Reaching out and connecting with others, whether they are personally close or geographically distant, whether they are colleagues or social media links, is an essential part of growing and developing your career. And on that note, here are five suggested ways you can ask people for help (and vice versa).

Foster a supportive network: Actively engage in building a network of supportive people. This might include attending professional networking events, joining online forums related to your field, or connecting with colleagues and peers on social media. A strong network can provide assistance, advice, and even opportunities for you to collaborate.

Use professional resources: Seek out professional development opportunities such as training workshops, career coaching, mentorship programmes, etc. They can provide valuable insights and help you to navigate challenges and advance in your career. Furthermore, you’re likely to meet others with similar interests along the way.

Practice reciprocal support: Be proactive in offering help to others when you see them struggling. Whether it’s a colleague working on a challenging project or a friend facing a personal issue, extend a helping hand. This not only strengthens your relationships but also fosters a culture of mutual support.

Reflect on past experiences: Take time to reflect on situations where you tried to manage everything on your own and the outcomes of those efforts. Compare these to instances where you sought help and the results achieved. Use these reflections to reinforce the importance of collaboration and support in achieving better outcomes.

Embrace asking for help: Finally, make a conscious effort to reach out to colleagues, mentors, or friends for support and guidance. Recognise that asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness.

Related posts: Researcher Development
Weathering the storm

Are you about to move on in your career? Are you nearing the end of your postdoctoral contract, or celebrating the completion of your PhD? Maybe you’re fed up with academia and are contemplating moving into industry or business?

Whatever the change, near or far, imminent or distant, one thing’s for sure: your next career move is inevitable. It’s coming…

Change is hard for us humans. Generally speaking, we need time to adapt and settle in to the new present (and soon to be, future) situation and let go of the past. Small changes are usually fine – moving to another postdoc position in your own field, staying in the same department, even staying with the same supervisor are not too disruptive. However, moving further afield, into a new field, or institution is far more daunting and, if you’re contemplating moving into industry or business, anxiety and fear of the unknown can, sometimes, feel overwhelming and even paralysing.

Recently, I spent a few days in Copenhagen delivering a two-day workshop for some early career researchers. It’s an amazing city – the people are so relaxed and there’s a feeling of humility and community amongst the inhabitants. What struck me while I was navigating my way around, were the similarities between adapting to being in a new city and settling into a new job.

In this blog, I’ve listed FIVE analogies that might resonate with you and help you when the time comes to make your next career move:

1. Prepare before you arrive

Researching beforehand on the hotel website, I found out how easy it would be to get from Copenhagen airport into the city using the metro and, from there, only a short walk to my hotel. I also checked the facilities for my workshop, number of participants and other practicalities to make sure the content and delivery would be well suited to my audience.

Preparation before you start a new job can help you to settle in more quickly. For example, you could review the company website or follow their latest news and comments on social media to get up to date with what’s currently going on, such as new products, forecasts or developments. You could even consider contacting someone you spoke with during the interview process, or a soon-to-be colleague, to ask if there’s anything that will help you to get ready for your new role.

2. Adapt to the culture

In Copenhagen, cyclists rule! They ride very fast in large groups and woe betide the unwitting tourist who accidentally steps into the cycle lane. In the south of Europe, e.g. Portugal and Spain, eating times are very late in the day compared with those in parts of northern Europe. In Scandinavia, this is even more pronounced with lunch starting as early as 11.30 in the morning. When you arrive in any city or country, you can feel like a bit of an outsider. Everyone else knows what they’re doing and seems to have a sense of purpose, whilst you’re a bit dazed and confused, requiring a map to find your way around.

As with any new work culture, you’ll need to get used to their ways of doing things. You bring with you your previous experience, but you’ll need to flex so you fit in with the new working environment and policies. Usually, in business and industry, they will give you an induction and your orientation will be rather more structured than when arriving in academia. You may find some of the working practices hard to understand and maybe even unnecessary. Logic doesn’t always prevail in cultures, so go along with accepted habits and routines, and bide your time before you venture to suggest any changes!

3. Interpret the language

Every country in Europe has a different language (almost), although, luckily for me, most people speak English. As a tourist, some countries would like you to try to speak a little bit of their language whilst you’re visiting, such as “Hello” or “Thank you”. However, for longer stays you’ll be expected to learn the language more thoroughly and even take an exam if you’re applying for citizenship.

Companies also have their own language, which may feel a bit foreign to you to start with. You’ll need to get used to it, including new ways of expressing yourself, learning acronyms and other common company abbreviations. Don’t be put off by this. Academia is also full of ‘club language’, which you’ve acquired during your time as a researcher. It’s just a case of translating from one to another. For example, your new company may talk about productivity and outputs, whereas in academia this equates to results and publications!

4. Ask for help

Walking around the city of Copenhagen was really easy, but occasionally I needed to ask for directions or assistance. For example, on my way back to the airport, there were a multitude of entrances to the metro station and not a ticket machine in sight. Luckily, the friendliness of the people I asked to help me meant I managed to get to the airport in time to catch my flight home.

When you’re starting a new job, you’ll have lots of questions about your role, ranging from day-to-day small details through to the bigger picture and how everything fits together. Business and industry work more closely as a team, so knowing who does what is much more important and relevant. Many organisations set up mentoring or buddy systems for new employees, but if you’re not allocated someone to coach you in the early days, never be afraid to ask – there are no stupid questions!

5. Become a ‘native’

When I first started living in Germany, I felt like an outsider: Having always driven on the left hand side of the road in the UK, I had to get used to driving on the right (which was actually easier than I’d imagined); having studied French and Latin at school, I had to start learning German from scratch (which was harder than I imagined) and even though everyone was friendly and welcoming, I still felt like an English woman abroad. Six years on, I’m happy to say that I’m now well acquainted with German ways and am very much enjoying living here. So much so, that I don’t want to go back to the UK and am content to stay here and earn my citizenship.

If you listen to the career stories of researchers who have left academia for good and been working in business and industry for a long time, or if you read their profiles on social media, you’ll probably not recognise them as being academic researchers any more. They have immersed themselves in new cultures, acquired a new language and ways of doing things that have replaced their former academic ways. As with moving to a new country and settling there for a long time, when you move into industry, you don’t forget your old life, but you adapt to become a ‘native’ and a professional in your new career.

Related content: Doctorate vs Corporate

“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times …..”
The opening lines of ‘A Tale of Two Cities’ by Charles Dickens

The best of times for me recently: A 4-day holiday in the German Allgau from Thursday 29^th May until Sunday 2^nd June. I was planning to see the famous Neuschwanstein Castle, as featured in the film, ‘Chitty Chitty Bang Bang’ (which only people from my era will remember!) and visit the Austrian Tirol.

The worst of times: We did not expect the weather to be this bad and the queues for the castle meant we couldn’t go inside.

HOWEVER, we made the most of things and managed to enjoy our holiday anyway: We ate lots of nice food, did some shopping, went on a boat trip and kept warm in the thermal baths, of which there are many in this area.

So, what has this got to do with careers I hear you ask…. Well, as much as we can plan to enjoy our careers and imagine how great our jobs will be, there’s always going to be bad times, as well as good times. Times that may last for just a few minutes or hours, or that go on for days or even months.

PhD and postdoctoral researchers, especially, relate stories of bad times on their social media posts, in my workshops or individual coaching sessions. They talk about experiments not working, unsympathetic supervisors, rejected papers and uncooperative collaborators. When time is limited and deadlines are coming up, this can be particularly frustrating, and I know many researchers feel powerless to change things.

The reality is that most of these things really are out of your control – you can’t force your experiments to work, you have little influence over your supervisor or collaborators and you can’t change deadlines.

However, you can change your own behaviour – you do have influence over yourself. This might be changing something physically, psychologically, emotionally or mentally. For example:

1. Communicate – don’t keep quiet about problems or difficulties that you’re having. Don’t feel embarrassed or ashamed – you’d be surprised how many others are having similar issues. You can speak with your peers, a career professional like myself or even your PI. I’ve known researchers to be afraid to open up to their supervisor, only to find that they are sympathetic and eager to assist them.

2. Connect with others – there are many early career researcher and postgraduate groups that you can join, either at the institutional level, nationally or even internationally. These groups might be social or even career-centred, they might be policy or discipline oriented, such as learned societies. You might not want to share your issues with them, but the sense of belonging can be restorative and energising, giving you back the confidence and optimism you need.

3. Use social media platforms – LinkedIn, X (formerly Twitter), Researchgate, Instagram, etc. might not be to everyone’s taste, but I know many early career researchers and PhD students who have benefited greatly from sharing their situation on social media. They’ve not only experienced unprecedented support and encouragement, it’s even opened up other career avenues for them, especially beyond academic careers. Social media can be time-consuming, so choose the platform that works for you and stick with it. For me, it’s LinkedIn because it’s a fantastic ‘people’ database, which allows you to reach out and communicate with a whole world of professionals.  

4. Treat yourself – I write this blog having eaten two apple strudels today! Tomorrow, I plan to do a bit of shopping. Whilst I’m not saying that eating and ‘retail therapy’ is the answer, it’s important to get away, take a breather and be nice to yourself. It’s probably quite usual for us to be our own hardest critics, to get bogged down in the situation and lose perspective. I remember when I was having a hard time in my previous job, I would take my dog out for a walk and after about 20 minutes, I could feel the angst and heavy weight of my ‘problems’ ebbing away.

5. Get things in perspective – As a PhD student or postdoctoral researcher, you’ve perhaps been used to getting things right, getting great grades and being top of the class. This could mean that you’re particularly sensitive to when things go wrong and aren’t perfect. I’m not saying this is true for everyone, but I read a great article recently entitled, “The importance of stupidity in scientific research” by Martin A. Schwartz, an established academic at the University of Virginia, in which he argues that it’s important not to be afraid to be ‘stupid’ in science, because research is hard and problems are difficult to solve.

So, perhaps, the more willing we are to wade into unknown territory and experience ‘bad times’, the more likely we are to experience the good times. As someone said recently when replying to a post on X: “If it wasn’t for her bad luck, she wouldn’t have had any good luck at all!”

Here’s a question that everyone dreads at interview, and even wonders why it is being asked. It seems so negative – encouraging you to do the opposite of what you’re supposed to do in an interview, which is to say positive things about yourself.

So, how do you answer this negative question? What tactics should you use?

Well, to be honest, it’s not just a case of tackling this question at interview – it’s actually a useful question to ask yourself anyway: It’s all about self-awareness.

What are you not good at and, more importantly, how are you dealing with it? With any ‘negative’ behaviour that impacts your ability to do your work or manage yourself effectively, you need to have the awareness first of what your weaknesses are, so that you can combat them with conscious positive behaviour.

Self-awareness is something we are not always aware of! Sometimes we need to think hard to try to discover ourselves. In fact, other people – close friends, family and colleagues – may know us better than we know ourselves.

So, do you know what your greatest weakness is/weaknesses are? If not, try these exercises:

Answer the question – what’s your greatest strength? This is easier to identify – what are you good at?

For example, for me, it’s having lots of creative ideas. Sometimes, I feel as if I have a volcano in the top of my head that keeps on exploding with a colourful and creative lava of ideas. It’s fun and can give rise to amazing results.

However, the downside to this idea tsunami is that I can get overwhelmed with all the opportunities and possibilities that I think up, so that when it comes to making a decision, I can’t decide which one to choose. This means, I tend to procrastinate and can come across to others as being indecisive.

That’s my weakness – procrastination.

Consider what habits you have that annoy you personally. You may not admit them to others, but you know you have them.

For example, it annoys me that I’m not very good at detail. I like the big picture, looking for patterns and connections, but this means I struggle with detail, so that I may have to go over something a few times before I get to the specifics. I’m also not very good with lists, protocols and recipes, missing important items out by accident (which was why I decided lab work wasn’t for me!). It also means I hate doing my tax accounts at the end of each year and poring over all the details.

That’s my weakness – I’m not great at detail.

So, these are my answers to the question “What’s your greatest weakness?” Can you use these techniques to identify yours too?

Once you’ve identified and demonstrated examples of your weakness/self-awareness, that’s just the first part of your answer. Next, you have to show how you’ve overcome your weakness – that’s called personal self-development.

For me, to combat my procrastination, I set myself earlier deadlines or I team up with someone more pragmatic, who wants to work with an ‘ideas’ person, and will be happy to act as the time-keeper.

To offset my detail weakness, I put more time aside to do tasks that require me to deal with minutiae and I also keep my records as up to date as possible through the year (on a spreadsheet and in a Word document) so that, when the time comes, I have already done much of the work. [In terms of recipes, I have to admit I’ve given up making cakes, since missing out key ingredients such as eggs means they usually flop, quite literally!]

So, how do you offset your weaknesses? Yours might be to do with perfectionism, time-keeping, team-working, networking, making presentations, confrontation, speaking up at meetings, managing workload or any manner of things.

But before deciding on the weakness example to give at interview, I have one more piece of advice: Don’t choose something that is at the core of the role you’re applying for. For example, for me, a job where I need to make big and fast decisions or where I need to copy edit manuscripts.

It’s OK if your weakness is only a small part of your work, but if it’s at the heart of the job requirements, not only will you struggle to do the work (even with training), you probably won’t enjoy it and you’ll be outside of your comfort zone most of the time. Choose something peripheral and genuine, nothing too personal and show how you are aware of it and how you’ve developed ways to offset it.

Related blogs: How to be a STAR performer
Interviews: Prepare yourself
“Tell me about yourself”

You’ve heard of Research & Development (R&D), but what about Researcher Development?

It’s all too easy to think that once you’ve qualified to postgraduate level, gained experience or have reached a certain age, further professional development isn’t really necessary. And while that’s true up to a point – you don’t necessarily need to undertake formal training and courses, with certification and qualifications – it’s important in these days of fast-paced change to keep up to date with new technology, methodologies, theories and innovations.

Having said that, with a multitude of publications, social media posts and other communications hailing new findings and trends in this, that and the other on a daily basis, it can be somewhat overwhelming to stay ahead of the curve!

My monthly newsletter from the Career Development institute (CDI) popped into my email box today (see above), reminding me about keeping up to date with my own professional development. With regular newsletters, free courses and an invaluable network, membership of the CDI has been well worth the money, not to mention their formal register of career professionals, which means I can reassure my clients of my professional status and adherence to an ethical code of practice.

Most research disciplines and professions have a membership association, institute or society with a website, social media presence, newsletter and/or discussion list, that can assist you with your current personal development or help you to find out more about another profession or career sector. They sometimes even offer recognition of your professional status, for example you can apply to the Royal Society of Biology and the Higher Education Academy (AdvanceHE) for Fellowship status.

Before I became an independent PhD career consultant, I worked for a learned society. These are academic ‘clubs’ which cater for a whole variety of different disciplines, from Biochemistry to Anthropology, Microbiology to Ecology, Physiology to Physics. They are (usually quite wealthy) charities with a very reasonably priced membership fee, whose mission is to support academic researchers with their personal and professional development. Whether it’s organising an international conference, giving out awards or offering members the opportunity to get involved in outreach, policy or other research-associated activities, learned societies can help researchers to develop their careers in all sorts of ways, whatever their career ambitions. In my learned society, I witnessed many of our early career members benefit from the advocacy and informal mentoring  they received from more senior and established academics, which helped them to secure permanent positions.

Summer schools are a great source of professional development. Usually organised and hosted by universities or research institutions, they sometimes offer bursaries to attend and cover a wide range of subjects. If you’re a member of a learned society, you might be able to apply for funding to attend these courses. Ones I’ve seen recently include ‘Advanced Proteomics’ at the CRG in Barcelona, the LERU PhD Summer school and there’s a regular programme of courses run by EMBO. More informal lab visits can also be a great way to upskill if you want to learn a particular methodology or technique or make use of facilities that aren’t housed at your institution, with the added bonus of connecting and networking with the host research group.

Many universities offer external online courses, which are either free or very reasonably priced. These can be especially useful if they are centred around programming, bioinformatics, machine learning, AI and other non-wet-lab skills. On the other hand, learning about totally new topics that will help you to transition to a non-academic career sector might include regulatory affairs, quality assurance, clinical trials, patent law, finance, etc. These theoretical courses won’t be enough for you to become a professional, but the fact that you’re making the effort to get an insight into the profession can demonstrate to a potential employer your commitment and interest.

So, the next time you’re developing your research, don’t forget the researcher too!

Related post – Keep learning to keep earning

Have you ever lived in another country? It’s common practice for researchers to move around either on a short-term or long-term basis. It’s almost embedded into the research culture.

However, until you’ve done it yourself, you don’t ever really appreciate the challenges associated with transferring and translating everything from your own country, culture and language into a new one.

When I moved to Germany (over 5 years ago now), it was a daunting prospect. Not only had I never lived in another country, I knew nothing of Germany or its language. When I was at school (many years ago), we’d had the choice of learning two languages – I chose French and Latin. As it happens Latin has been more useful to me than French or even English in learning German, what with its complex cases such as the accusative and dative, and the preference for placing verbs at the end of many sentences!

And it wasn’t just the language. Coming from the UK, I had to learn to drive on the ‘wrong’ side of the road. Again, a daunting prospect that I put off for about four months, until cabin fever took over and I finally took the leap and got into the driver’s seat. Actually, it wasn’t so bad after all (although I still avoid motorways as much as I can). Even my language skills have now improved to the point that I managed to pass my B1 German exam (equivalent to half an A-level) last year.

Very interesting, I hear you say, but what’s this got to do with careers?

Well, the point I’m trying to get across is that if you can do something in one setting, the likelihood is you can do it in another. OK, you may need time to settle in and get used to your new environment and you may need to get some extra training, but basically if you can learn something in one setting, you can usually learn it in another.

Everyone’s heard of transferable skills, but you also need to consider translating those skills into the language of your new employer. Just as you have to adapt to the culture and ways of a new country, so you will need to adjust to your new work environment and the people within it.

But before you even get to experience a new work culture, you need to get the job in the first place! Usually this is by applying with a CV and covering letter, which, if successful, will take you to an interview. Of course, as many researchers, who have successfully secured jobs in industry and business, will tell you; researching the career sector, companies and employees is crucial to help you to capitalise on your transferable skills and to translate your academic terminology into your targeted employer’s language. Take a look at LinkedIn and you’ll find lots of posts and advice about this (e.g. Matteo Tardelli and Ashley Ruba).

Here’s two example CVs (below) to show how a researcher specialising in biofilm research has translated her academic CV (top) into one that’s targeted to a biofilm position in industry (she got the job by the way!).

You’ll see how the content, language and even the layout changes to align with the employer’s job description (not shown here). Words such as, “delivering scientific content”, “preparing project progress reports” and “analysing large data sets to convert into deliverable results” have replaced the usual academic descriptions of these activities.

It’s not a perfect CV (no CV is), but I hope it gives you a flavour of how to transfer and translate your skills, experiences and achievements into a new language that is understood by your potential new employer. It shows that not only have you understood the job requirements and matched yourself to them, you are instilling confidence that you will also be able to adapt yourself to your new work environment and culture.

So, the next time you see a non-academic job of interest to you, underline the key words in the job description, take a look at the company website and see what types of words and phrases they are using. If you connect with the organisation on social media, you’ll see what’s important to them, as well as their latest news, and you can even link with employees and ask for an informational interview. That way, you’ll be fully armed to make a successful application, as well as assessing if this new ‘land’ is right for you.

Related blogs:

Think ‘Skill’ not ‘DPhil’
Put your skills to work
Skills and Thrills – what motivates you?

When you’re a researcher, information can be gathered in all manner of ways – reading papers, browsing websites, engaging in social media, email exchanges, conversations and attending conferences. This last avenue of information – conferences – is usually a heavy investment in terms of time and finance, but many researchers under-prepare and under-use this potential source of information, new connections and even career opportunities.

Whether it’s in-person, online, large, small, local or international, any conference worth attending is worth preparing for, so that you get the best return on your investment of time and money.

My advice for avoiding wasting time and money is to get conference ready! Here are some tips to help you:

• Choose wisely – there are many interesting conferences organised each year, some large, some small, some nearby and some in distant lands. Consider why you want to attend, what do you want to achieve? Will you benefit more from a large conference, or a smaller one? Does the programme look compelling? Who’s speaking? Are there opportunities for networking? Take advice from your supervisor, collaborators and peers, as well as considering your own motivations.
• Write a great abstract! One of the best ways to get noticed at a conference is to present a poster or, even better, give a talk. Writing a compelling abstract will help to get you noticed and attract people to attend your talk, especially when there are many parallel sessions. Use Google (or attend a workshop) on how to write a good abstract. Here’s one example from a previous blog.
• Enter your abstract for a competition, such as a ‘Early career researcher’ best talk/poster award. Even if you don’t win, it’s a great experience to practice promoting yourself and your research.
• Examine the programme and identify sessions of interest to you. You should aim to use your time wisely at any conference, so, much like preparing for a holiday, plan your itinerary so that you can navigate the conference efficiently, as well as factoring in flexibility in case of those (very likely) happenstance encounters.
• Identify speakers or delegates of interest in the programme or attendance list (if they have one) that you’d potentially like to connect with. Consider contacting some of them ahead of the meeting, if you think it’s appropriate – you can do this by email or social media. Say you’re looking forward to hearing them speak/meeting them.
• Follow the #. The majority of conferences will create a # for their meeting, which you can follow on X (formerly Twitter). Many of them also have a Facebook page that you can connect with (you can always create a new FB profile for professional purposes in case you don’t want to link your personal page).
• Sign up for pre-conference or side-programmes, such as career workshops and other sessions that will bring you into contact with delegates in a more informal setting. Many of these types of events are smaller and interactive, with more opportunity to meet your peers and get to know other delegates.
• Sign up for social/networking events. You don’t have to attend them all – consider staying for an hour and aim to meet one or two people. Standing events can more amenable than seated ones and, if there are tall tables to stand and eat your lunch with 3 – 4 others, this can be quite a nice way to get chatting with others.
• Do your research – if you’re interested in speaking with someone in particular, read up on them beforehand or attend their talk and then aim to approach them with a question about their research or a favourable comment about their talk – people love to talk about themselves.
• Prepare your pitch! Any good conversation is a two-way process, so be prepared to talk about yourself and your research. To avoid bombarding people with a 5-minute monologue, think about what you will say within about 30 seconds – that’s enough to oil the wheels of the interaction and your conversation partner can then ask you further questions to find out more.
• Examine the exhibitor list – there may be some exhibiting organisations that are of interest to you in terms of your research and even your career. Many companies are represented by staff who have PhDs and are even former postdocs. It can be interesting to do some research about how they transitioned into this line of work and what the role is like.
• Check your online profile! Make sure it’s in good order – up to date, fully completed, looking professional and consistent with your career aims. It’s likely that when you meet people at the conference, they will look you up online and even invite you to connect with them, so you want to look your best!
• Get some business cards printed – it may sound a bit commercial and even old-fashioned, but many delegates at international conferences carry business cards with them and offer them to other delegates. It’s not necessarily a ‘must’, but it’s easy and cheap to produce them nowadays, displaying your name, position, contact details, institution and logo.
• Prepare to dress to impress. You don’t have to be formal and you may feel confident and relaxed in your jeans and T-shirt. However, if you want to ensure you’ll be taken seriously by more senior delegates, choose something smart-casual, as your supervisor might dress. You never know, you may even have the opportunity to be interviewed for your next position during the conference!

Two extra tips that deserve special attention:

Note 1 – The BAD news!
Beware predatory conferences! (and journals too for that matter). These are exploitative meetings with the sole aim to make money from the academic community. Google ‘predatory conference’ for more information, but here’s one explanation from Wikipedia.

Note 2 – The GOOD news!
Many conferences are organised by learned or professional societies, which also have a large membership. If you join them, they will give you a discounted registration to their conference, and they may also have lots of other membership benefits that you can enjoy throughout the year, so make sure to take a closer look at their website and even consider joining longer-term.

Having worked for a learned society myself for almost 20 years, where we organised one large international and smaller meetings each year, I’ve witnessed many in the academic community – PhD students, postdoctoral researchers and even professors – benefit from the experience, whether it was giving a talk and getting noticed, making connections with other delegates, having useful discussions with more other scientists, or even being offered to have more involvement in the society by taking part in their events or joining committees. Attending conferences can be both time consuming and expensive, so be sure to make the most of these great opportunities to meet and connect with others. Most of all, of course, have fun and see the world!

Related content

The invisible delegate
Learned societies

Researchers are great at analysis – you scrutinise research papers, you analyse methodologies, you deep-dive into complex data sets, you evaluate conclusions and you use a wide and sophisticated set of tools to achieve all of these analytical activities.

But what about you, the researcher? How about your self-analysis? Are you investigating yourself and wondering where your researcher journey is headed? Are you curious to know what types of careers will be best suited to you, your values, interests, skills and personality?

Taking time out of your research to analyse yourself and find true purpose in what you are doing might be the hardest research project you ever take on. Despite the challenges faced when carrying out your PhD or postdoctoral research, designing and conducting experiments, drawing conclusions, publishing your findings, etc., the art of self-discovery is a much more tricky and subjective process.

I say ‘subjective’ and this can have more than one meaning: First, many researchers wed themselves to their research subject of interest, ignoring the very personal aspects that constitute their true and authentic selves. Secondly, self-analysis can be very difficult to do when you’re inside yourself. Sometimes, others can see things in you that you cannot see yourself. This is why career counselling, guidance and coaching professionals can help you to figure out where your strengths and passions really lie, as well as helping you to achieve your aims. In addition, there are a variety of assessment tools that can assist you individually to reflect on your  

On that note, I thought I’d share with you two self-analysis tools that I use to help researchers to recognise aspects of themselves beyond their subject interests, so that they can apply this knowledge to creating a fulfilling career for themselves.

If you wish to try them out, it may help you to consider a wider range of career options or confirm to you what you already were thinking with regard to potential careers of interest.

SKILLS AND INTERESTS

Adapted from Holland’s theory of career choice, my PhD Career Choice Indicator pictured above consists of six skills/interest categories: FUNCTIONAL, INVESTIGATIVE, ARTICTIC, SOCIAL, ENTERPRISE and MANAGEMENT. Depicted as a hexagon, each of the categories has a descriptor that allows you to understand more fully what each of them means. The assessment is very simple – you just need to rank the categories in order of preference, in terms of what you enjoy doing. Your top 3 choices will start to give you an idea of what really interests you, as well as the types of tasks and activities you want to take with you to you in your next role. The least enjoyable category will also show you the kinds of work you might want to minimise as far as possible in your next job.

Have a go and see what you think – it’s really just a starting point, as it only considers skills and interests, however it can help you to start focussing your options more accurately, and some of the descriptors can also be useful to use as keywords when searching for future roles, whether within or outside of academia.

VALUES

I use an abridged and adapted version of an original values assessment created by Edward Schein and published in his book ‘Career Anchors’. I’ve altered the questions and descriptors to make them more relevant to doctoral researchers and made use of the questionnaire that I published in my book, ‘Career Planning for Research Bioscientists’, along with another assessment focussed on personality, adapted from the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) – not included here.

Some of the values that Schein includes in his assessment map quite nicely onto the skills in my PhD Career Choice Indicator, such as FUNCTIONAL and GENERAL MANAGERIAL COMPETENCES, whilst others, such as SECURITY/STABILITY and PURE CHALLENGE, are more related to lifestyle and preferred ways of working. To see more about the Values Assessment and to take the test go to my Googledocs for the pdf.

There are many other assessment tools, such as MyIDP and the Vitae RDP, so why not spend some time over the holiday period on you, so that going into the new year you’ll feel more confident and assured about where you want to take your career next. And don’t forget, this is just a starting point that only takes account of your skills, interests and values. A career professional will be able to help you with your self-analysis more fully, as well as supporting you with other parts of the career planning process.

Related content:

Decisions Decisions

Skills and Thrills – What motivates you?

The Skilled Researcher

Value Added Careers